Projects

Generation of heavy-tailed distributions with application to rainfall generation

Extreme events - Tiziano Fassina

Supervisors: Gabriel VICTORINO CARDOSO (Mines Paris PSL) - Sylvain LE CORFF - Thomas ROMARY (Mines Paris PSL)

This project focuses on the study and development of generative models capable of reproducing heavy-tailed distributions, particularly those derived from radar-observed rainfall fields. Current generative models—VAEs, GANs, and diffusion models—excel on complex data such as images or videos, but their theoretical guarantees generally rely on assumptions incompatible with heavy distributions, which characterize extreme rainfall events. However, the realistic modeling and generation of these extremes are essential, especially in the context of climate change where their frequency is expected to increase.

Effective methods for inferring spatio-temporal models

Spatio-temporal models - Alexandre Loret

Supervisors: Thomas ROMARY (Mines Paris PSL) - Nicolas DESASSIS (Mines Paris PSL) - Lucia CLAROTTO

This project focuses on improving the computational efficiency of parameter estimation in complex spatiotemporal geostatistical models. Geostatistics aims to model natural phenomena evolving in space and time, and Gaussian processes are widely used to predict these phenomena in unobserved locations, while quantifying the uncertainty of the predictions. While classical models rely on simple parametric covariance functions, recent advances have introduced models based on stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs), which are better suited to representing physical mechanisms such as advection or diffusion.

Generative AI for hydro-meteorological time series

Machine learning - Ferdinand Bhavsar (postdoc)

Supervisors: Edith Gabriel (INRAE) - Lionel Benoit (INRAE)

The objective of this project is to develop a joint model of headwater flow and water quality using a generative AI approach. To achieve this, a diffusion model is fitted to multi-site and multi-variable time series and adapted to allow training on incomplete data and simulation in the following contexts: gap-filling, nowcasting, synthetic time series generation, and conditional simulation with covariates. The outputs of this diffusion model will be used to study the impact of different climate change and/or anthropogenic scenarios on headwater hydrosystems and to emulate certain hydro-meteorological parameters used as inputs for impact models (hydrogeology, stream ecology, etc.).

Statistical modeling of spatiotemporal data distributed on surfaces

Spatio-temporal models - Charlie Sire (postdoc)

Supervisors: Mike PEREIRA (Mines Paris PSL) - Thomas ROMARY (Mines Paris PSL)

The aim of this project is to develop statistical methods for interpolation and prediction of spatio-temporal data distributed on surfaces. These methods will be applied to data from temperature and deformation sensors placed at certain points on the surface of a cell in order to monitor its evolution.

Modeling episodes of extreme events on graphs

Extreme events - Rita Maatouk

Supervisors: Thomas OPITZ (INRAE) - Mike PEREIRA (Mines Paris PSL)

The objective of this project is to develop and implement models for multivariate extreme events assuming a (known) graph structure representing the links between the different variables. The model will be applied to extreme climatic events (temperatures, precipitation, etc.) occurring in different geographic areas (departments, regions, etc.), for example by choosing a graph representing the structure of the geographic neighborhoods of the regions.

In recent years, hydrological extremes, in particular intense rains and long droughts, have been at the heart of concerns in many sectors (agronomy, energy, insurance, etc.). However, the great variability of these phenomena in time and space requires stochastic modeling in order to incorporate several hazards, uncertainties and heterogeneous information (measurements, climate models, reanalyses). The theme of the thesis is therefore centered around stochastic spatio-temporal simulation models of intense precipitation and long droughts.

Quantifying devastating weather events under climate change using multivariate bias correction

Extreme events - Grégoire JACQUEMIN's thesis - Started in November 2022.

Supervisors: Denis ALLARD (INRAE) - Xavier FREULON (Mines Paris PSL) - Matthew VRAC

Some of the most devastating climatic events of recent decades involve the combination of several climatic variables on fairly large scales and over a period of time. Sometimes combinations of elementary climatic events which are not necessarily devastating when isolated can have devastating effects when they occur simultaneously or successively within a short period.